What this relates to
The distance between aircraft, given their positions and speeds, is so small that their safety is threatened. When this situation occurs from the perspective of a pilot or air traffic controller, they refer to it as a near collision or airprox. If the near collision cannot be anticipated and averted, a mid-air collision occurs.
Example
A pilot is transporting passengers around the Alps in a light aircraft. All of a sudden there is a helicopter flying directly towards her. The two pilots manage to avoid each other at the last second; they fly past each other with just 20 metres between them.